After the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized power in the October Revolution of 1917, they aimed to consolidate their control and transform the Russian economy in line with Marxist principles. Nationalization was a central part of this transformation. This policy involved the transfer of ownership and control of key industries, banks, and resources from private hands to state control.

Key aspects of Nationalization included:

1. Control over Resources: By nationalizing industries such as oil, coal, and steel, as well as major banks, the Bolsheviks sought to centralize economic control and redistribute wealth more equitably. This was intended to dismantle the capitalist structure and replace it with a socialist economy where resources were managed by the state for the benefit of the working class.

2. Economic Planning: With the state in control of major economic sectors, the Bolsheviks aimed to implement centralized economic planning. This was thought to enhance efficiency and align production with the needs of the population, rather than the profit motives of private owners.

3. Support for Revolutionary Goals: Nationalization was also seen as a way to support the broader goals of the revolution. By controlling the economy, the Bolsheviks could more effectively push forward their political agenda, including the redistribution of land and wealth and the support of their socialist policies.

Hence Option C is Correct.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the Bolshevik Party changed its name to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). This rebranding was part of a broader effort to align the party's identity with its Marxist-Leninist ideology and to reflect its role in leading the new Soviet state.

The name change was formalized in March 1918 at the party's Seventh Congress. The Bolsheviks had originally been a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP), but the October Revolution had significantly altered the political landscape. By adopting the new name, the party sought to emphasize its commitment to the principles of communism and to signal a break from the previous social democratic framework.

Hence Option C is Correct.

By the end of 1917, the status of industries and banks in Russia had changed significantly due to the effects of the Russian Revolution and the ensuing political and social upheaval.

In early 1917, the February Revolution led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the establishment of a Provisional Government. This government, initially focused on maintaining the status quo, did not immediately nationalize industries or banks.

However, the October Revolution later that year, led by the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin, marked a pivotal shift. The Bolsheviks aimed to dismantle the existing capitalist structures and replace them with a socialist system. By the end of 1917, the Bolsheviks had begun implementing policies of nationalization.

Here's a more detailed look at the key points:

1. Nationalization of Industries: The Bolshevik government sought to control and manage the economy to align with Marxist-Leninist ideology. Major industries, particularly those deemed crucial for the war effort and economic stability, were nationalized. This process involved transferring ownership and control from private individuals to the state.

2. Nationalization of Banks: Similarly, the Bolsheviks nationalized the banks, consolidating control over the financial system. This was part of a broader strategy to centralize economic management and support the revolutionary goals of the government.

3. Socialist Economic Policies: The nationalization of industries and banks was intended to lay the groundwork for a planned economy, where resources could be allocated according to socialist principles rather than market forces.

4. To understand why industries and banks were nationalized by the end of 1917, it's essential to delve into the context of the Russian Revolution and the policies of the Bolshevik government.

Hence Option C is Correct.